Which of the following is a critical part of architecture that emerged in the early 20th century emphasizing minimalism?

The emphasis on minimalism in architecture during the early 20th century is best represented by the Early Modern movement. This architectural style sought to break away from the ornate designs and historical references that characterized previous periods and instead focused on simplicity, functional design, and the use of modern materials. Influential figures such as Le Corbusier and Mies van der Rohe championed the ideas of clean lines, open spaces, and a reduction of unnecessary embellishments, which are foundational aspects of minimalism.

In contrast, the Gothic Revival is associated with ornate and intricate designs inspired by medieval architecture, while Postmodern architecture developed later, often incorporating eclectic styles and elements with a playful approach that contrasts sharply with minimalism. Vernacular architecture refers to building styles that are specific to a certain region or community, often utilizing local materials and traditional techniques. While these styles contribute richly to the dialogue of architectural history, they do not embody the minimalist ethos as distinctly as Early Modern architecture does.